All parents understand that education of their child needs to be dealt with from the very early age... Therefore, the answer to the question is to give the baby to Kindergarten or confine themselves to home education, more than 90% are inclined in favor of the former. And the next question is which garden to choose, private or public.
V recent times due to the rise in the birth rate, places in public kindergartens have become sorely lacking. And the middle class that has formed in Moscow over the past 10-15 years is increasingly giving preference to private kindergartens. By choosing them, parents expect that the quality of childcare, conditions, food and education will be much higher than in public kindergartens. Therefore, private preschool institutions have recently become more and more popular in our country. But to open them, first of all, you need a kindergarten business plan.
For an enterprising and talented organizer, this segment of the educational market can be quite a profitable business. It is not worth counting on super-large profits, because high-quality childcare requires a lot of costs. There is little competition in this market. Demand exceeds supply.
Most of the market for private educational services is made up of semi-legal mini-kindergartens, which are organized right in apartments and houses. In such an institution, sanitary standards are often violated, and the qualifications of the personnel are in doubt. An example of such a home kindergarten is far from the only one in our country. There are very few legal home kindergartens that have all the necessary permits and comply with the standards of sanitation and hygiene.
Private kindergartens can be divided into several types:
- working from morning to evening;
- working around the clock;
- providing short-term stays.
All of them provide a full range of services for upbringing, education, all-round development, maintenance, care and nutrition for children.
If you follow the law, then an individual registered as an Individual Entrepreneur (IE) and a legal entity can carry out educational activities on the territory of the Russian Federation. A legal entity must be registered in a non-profit organizational and legal form. Registration is carried out by the Federal Registration Service of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation. The term for consideration of the submitted application is 1 month. Further, it will be necessary to agree on the specifics of activities with various authorities, register with the tax authorities, extra-budgetary funds (such as the compulsory health insurance fund, pension and social), state statistics bodies. To conduct educational activities, you must obtain a license from the Department of Education.
To obtain a license, you must collect the following set of documents:
- premises lease agreement;
- data on teachers and the number of children who will attend kindergarten;
- documents that confirm the availability of methodological and teaching materials;
- educational program;
- articles of association;
- a certificate from the tax authority, which confirms the registration of the organization;
- extracts from the fire and sanitary services, in which it will be written that the premises kindergarten meets all the standards for preschool institutions.
Obtaining a license is not easy. But if without it, it can threaten with criminal liability. If the kindergarten is positioned not as a private kindergarten, but as a developmental or training center for children, then lengthy red tape with a license can be avoided. For this kind of organization, it is simply not required. But if an unscheduled check comes, then problems cannot be avoided.
After receiving all the necessary documents, you need to check the written business plan for a private kindergarten again.
Search and arrangement of premises
Finding a suitable room is not an easy task. SNiP imposes certain requirements on preschool institutions. Example:
- each child must have at least 6 square meters. m area;
- the presence of at least three rooms: a dining room, a play area and a bedroom;
- the height of the ceiling and window sills must comply with the standards;
- walls should be covered with moisture resistant paint.
Before opening a home garden, the owner should study the requirements of SNiP well.
Theoretically, it is possible to open a home kindergarten in an apartment as well. Most of the private kindergartens in Moscow are located in apartments. But it is still better to give preference to a detached building. The ideal option is to rent the building of a public kindergarten, because when constructing such buildings, all the requirements that apply to preschool buildings were taken into account. It will not work to buy such a building. City municipal authorities usually rent them out for several years.
In the rented premises, it will be necessary to make repairs, carry out all the necessary communications, install an alarm, etc. In the washrooms, all plumbing must be adapted for children. It would be best to invite a professional artist to decorate the design in a home kindergarten. For the normal development of children, you will need to purchase children's furniture, toys, dishes, etc.
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Staff recruitment
A home kindergarten must have in its state:
- educators;
- nannies or caregivers;
- medical worker;
- manager;
- cleaning woman;
- Cook;
- security guard.
The higher the level of a private kindergarten, the more opportunities it has to expand its working staff. Such kindergartens can afford to hire a child psychologist, sports coach, teachers of additional education, etc. Many of these kindergartens focus on the author's methods of educational activities. The staff who will work in the home kindergarten must have a valid medical record, pedagogical education, experience working with children and, most importantly, love children.
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Organization of meals for children in home kindergarten
For catering, you will need a separate room and equipment necessary for cooking. Meals should be varied, thoughtful, balanced and meet all applicable standards.
The easiest way to open your own private kindergarten is to buy
But if you still want to do it yourself - we offer you step by step instructions from the expert of the company "Little Country"
According to statistics, the majority of entrepreneurs who decided to start their business by opening a private kindergarten are young parents who are aware of what a “queue” for kindergarten is and it is quite possible that they have already encountered such a concept as a shortage of places in municipal kindergartens. They know firsthand that parents are willing or forced to pay for going to kindergarten. And if there are people willing to pay, why not let them pay you?
But before you open your own kindergarten, you need to find evidence of its relevance in your area or city.
First you need to calculate the number of residents of the area and find out their structure. For example, if the majority of the inhabitants are elderly people, you are unlikely to be able to fill your garden with babies. Another thing is when you open a private kindergarten in a new area, in which there is no public kindergarten nearby and in which mainly young families live, who will provide you with preschool children.
- You can request data on the statistics of the area at the passport office. And if we are talking about new microdistricts, developers can provide these statistics, since they have data on the buyers of apartments.
In other areas of the city, a private kindergarten may be in demand for several reasons. One of them is the notorious queues for municipal preschool institutions.
- It is easy to find out about the existence of "queues" in the city administration, namely in the education department.
However, if there are several public kindergartens in your chosen area and at the same time their occupancy is poor, the private kindergarten you open is unlikely to be very popular with parents. Whatever it was, but in terms of the cost of a child's stay in kindergarten, a private institution will always lose to a state one.
But in contrast to this minus, the sphere of private preschool education every year it gains more and more significant plus. The fact is that now more and more parents do not a priori consider a municipal kindergarten, but immediately look for a private kindergarten for their child. This category of parents has an average and above average income and makes certain requirements for a private kindergarten in terms of living conditions, quality of food, education and leisure activities.
Nevertheless, while in our country there are still more of those parents who send their children to private kindergartens, not because they made this choice consciously, having weighed all the pros and cons, but because for some reason they cannot arrange his child in the state garden.
- It is also not easy for "newcomers" to place their children in a public kindergarten. The problem is especially acute in Moscow and the Moscow region, where it is practically impossible to send a child to a municipal kindergarten without registration or the presence of a “Social card of a Muscovite”. The "come in large numbers" have no other choice but to send the baby to a private kindergarten.
Do not forget to analyze the terrain for other indicators as well. For example, find out if there are other private gardens in the area and how many? Will you be able to compete with them on price or terms and additional services?
The first item of expenses that will significantly reduce your start-up capital is renovation of the premises.
- On average, a small kindergarten for one group can accommodate 100 sq.m.
Renovation of a 100 sq. M room and bringing it to conformity with the standards of the regulatory authorities will require 600-700 thousand rubles (including payment for repair work and the purchase of building materials).
The second item of investment costs will be the equipment of the premises with everything necessary - from furniture and household appliances to bed linen and dishes. Having opened at least 50 kindergartens, we have determined for ourselves the minimum cost of equipment - 600 thousand rubles. This figure is documented. For example, a refrigerator can be purchased for 15 thousand rubles at M-Video, there you can also buy a four-burner electric stove for 8 thousand rubles, etc.
- You need to understand that the opening of a kindergarten in the center of Moscow and in one of the sleeping areas of Ryazan involves completely different investment amounts.
Can I take out a loan to open a kindergarten?
Of course, it is preferable to open a kindergarten business with your own funds. But I also know those who borrowed money to launch their kindergarten. Their experience suggests that you can work successfully and even develop, keeping yourself a part of the profit, while paying off the loan.
Moreover, the very specificity of the private kindergarten business allows you to apply for benefits at the loan rate. There are a number of proposals that will greatly assist in obtaining start-up capital to start this business.
For example, there is an interesting proposal from the fund for the support of social entrepreneurship "Our Future", which offers a loan at 6%. Alternatively, you can apply for a competition for a small business as an entrepreneur who started a business in the social sphere and qualify for a subsidy from the state to reimburse the funds spent on starting a kindergarten. Moreover, if you work without a license for educational activities, you can be reimbursed up to 1.5 million rubles, and with a license - up to 10 million rubles, but the amount you receive should be no more than 60% of the funds spent on the opening. Thus, you can compensate for most of the investment in opening a kindergarten.
In addition, in the process of work, you can also reduce your costs with the help of the state. For example, by applying for subventions that will be paid to you from the municipal budget for the maintenance of one child per month.
- For example, in Moscow 2.5 thousand rubles are paid for one child, in Krasnodar - 9 thousand rubles, and in the Moscow region - 12 thousand rubles.
However, such subventions can only be used with a state license.
And this is far from all the available support programs for entrepreneurs who have decided to devote themselves to preschool education and the business of a private kindergarten. Knowing all possible programs and knowing how to use them, you can not only return the investment as quickly as possible, but also earn good money by performing part of its functions for the state.
Step-by-step instruction
A private kindergarten can be opened as an individual entrepreneur, you can register as an LLC, and also choose the form of a preschool educational institution (preschool educational institution) or ANO (autonomous non-profit organization). The time for its registration will also depend on the choice of the organizational and legal form of your future kindergarten. For example, if it will take you two to three weeks to register an individual entrepreneur or LLC, then registering a preschool educational institution or ANO will take 2 times longer.
- Registration of a preschool educational institution with the Ministry of Justice will take about two months.
Nevertheless, these temporary delays will not affect the opening of the kindergarten in any way. You can register your kindergarten in parallel with other matters, for example, conclude a lease for an individual and start making repairs in the premises. Having received registration, the contract can be reissued.
The choice of the registration form will primarily affect the taxation system and the nuances of accounting. By choosing an individual entrepreneur, you can acquire a patent for a period of 1 to 12 months. The patent system is suitable for kindergartens in small room and with a minimum of staff. If you open an LLC, you will pay 6% of the income under the “simplified” scheme. DOE and ANO have their own peculiarities of taxation and accounting.
How to find employees for kindergarten?
Hiring staff for kindergarten is a separate conversation, which also needs to be treated wisely. Firstly, it is the staff, i.e. educators and nannies, work both with your direct clients - children, and with their parents, who pay money directly. Secondly, the quality and number of employees will affect the economic model of the kindergarten: the larger the staffing, the more wages.
The number of staff directly depends on the scale of the kindergarten you open - the more children attend your kindergarten, the more employees they will require.
- For one group for 20 children, the minimum list of staff is two educators, one nanny and one cook.
At the same time, it is taken into account that this entire small staff replaces both teachers of other specialties and a nurse. For example, one of the educators may be a “musician” and conduct developmental activities with children, the other as an “artist”, teaching the kids how to express themselves through drawings. This approach to staff formation can significantly reduce the costs of PPP. The same nanny can combine her direct duties with the job descriptions of a nurse, of course, provided that she has the necessary qualifications ...
Speaking of qualifications. Inspection bodies put forward their requirements for the staff of a private kindergarten. At the same time, these requirements are the same for both private kindergartens and municipal ones. So when selecting educators, cooks and nurses, you will have to pay attention to whether they have a medical book and a certificate from a psychiatrist. Besides, Special attention paid to educators - they must have a pedagogical education and undergo advanced training every three years. The full list of requirements for kindergarten personnel can be found when applying for permission to carry out childcare and childcare activities with Rospotrebnadzor or when applying for a license for educational activities at the Ministry of Education.
Many entrepreneurs who decide to open their own private kindergarten often face the problem of finding a suitable premise. The fact is that any room will not work. When it comes to children, the state carefully monitors that they are in appropriate conditions. If the premises do not meet the full list of requirements, you are unlikely to be able to obtain permission from Rospotrebnadzor, fire safety and the Ministry of Emergencies.
All the standards that the room must meet are spelled out in the fire safety rules and SanPin, which should be studied in detail before taking on the search for a room. These documents contain special instructions for the width of doorways and the length of the corridors of the evacuation routes for babies, and for ventilation and natural light. They spell out everything that needs to be known and taken into account when creating a kindergarten - up to the number of premises that a kindergarten should consist of and their purpose. Of particular importance for Rospotrebnadzor will be the quadrature of each room, for example, the same locker room or bathroom, depending on the number of children for which the kindergarten is designed. The equipment of the rooms is another matter: for example, for one group of children in the bathroom there should be four children's toilet bowls and sinks, one shower room, and one sink for adults. In addition, a separate bathroom should be provided for employees.
There are many similar little things, but they all need to be known and taken into account.
At the same time, the requirements of Rospotrebnadzor, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and other regulatory bodies differ depending on whether the premises belong to residential or non-residential premises. And all thanks to the fact that today it is possible to open a private kindergarten both in separate non-residential premises, annexes and on the first floors of residential buildings, and in ordinary residential apartments, i.e. there is plenty to choose from.
- The Ministry of Emergency Situations does not check living quarters and does not issue an opinion for kindergartens.
That is why, despite the seeming difficulties and problems with the selection of premises, the entrepreneur is required only to know the rules and mandatory norms and a scrupulous approach to the search.
Another issue that concerns the premises is related to the payment of its rent.
Rent eats up a significant part of the income and affects both the net profit received and the value of the final product. Of course, a kindergarten can operate at any rental rate - from 1 RUB / sq.m to 1000 RUB / sq.m. But when compiling an economic model, you need to understand that the higher the rental rate, the more expensive the cost of the visit will be. And in the presence of nearby competitors, the "price issue" will be important for parents.
Of course, you need to approach the appraisal of the premises individually. First, to see how it fits with the norms and requirements. Secondly, if the premises require significant investments in repairs, then a high rental rate will only increase the size of the investment and initially set a high price level for the final product, and this is impractical.
However, even in Moscow, with the average market rental price of 1000 rubles / sq.m, only one of the kindergartens in our network pays for rent at this rate. The majority, however, find more reasonable prices from 250 to 400 rubles / sq. M. This is the so-called social rent, when developers lease large areas for kindergartens on the ground floors of their housing complexes or individual multi-storey buildings. The presence of such tenants from the social sphere is a definite plus for developers, so they willingly go to reduce the cost of rent.
You can find cheaper premises with the help of the state. In some regions, there are special programs for preferential lease of municipal premises for representatives of the private sector of preschool education or social entrepreneurship. Therefore, it is worth exploring all possible options, calculating an economic model and identifying the optimal rental rate for yourself.
Opening checklist
Is it profitable to open
When opening a kindergarten, you need to decide how many children it will be designed for - for 20, 100 or 200 kids. Your income and, accordingly, benefit will depend on the number of small clients.
For example, you can open one kindergarten for 100 children, or you can open five small kindergartens for a group of 15-20 children. Both in the first and in the second case, as a result, you will have 100 children. It would seem that the profit in both options should be the same, but in reality everything is not quite so.
First, by opening five instead of one kindergarten, you will spend 20-30% more money. Secondly, such an important indicator as the rate of return per child will also differ.
- If a kindergarten for 100 children earns 1 million rubles a month, the profit rate per child will be 10 thousand rubles.
The larger the kindergarten and the more children attend it, the lower the profit rate per child will be. This ratio is due to the fact that, opening a kindergarten for 100 children, you will have to rent a room many times more, hire several times more educators, pay their salaries, and spend more money on running costs.
- Upon obtaining a license for educational activities, staff salary costs can be reduced by 10%.
A completely different rate of return will be for a kindergarten for 20 children located in a four-room apartment on the first floor of a residential building. Rent in this case will cost a priori twice less than in any non-residential premises. It will only be necessary to work on bringing it into compliance with the SanPiN norms.
The winner of the All-Russian competition "Young Entrepreneur of Russia - 2012", the creator of the whole network of child development centers "Solnyshko" Lev Allerborn is sure that yes. He was one of the first people in Russia who ventured to open a private kindergarten in an ordinary mansion, without creating a legal entity and a license for educational activities. Having built his successful business from scratch, Leo does not stop sharing his experience with other aspiring entrepreneurs throughout Russia. His story inspires and makes you believe in the impossible. Is it possible to change the world by opening private kindergartens?
Key points of the interview
- Type of activity: private kindergarten, educational services for children.
- Business location: Russia, Kaliningrad
- Occupation before starting a business: manager of a transport company.
- Business start date: 2009
- Organizational and legal form of doing business: individual entrepreneur
- Investment in the project: 250 thousand rubles
- Source of initial capital: borrowed cash
- Formula for success: Difficulties hardened my character and taught me to think in "3D-format", without boundaries. I learned not to cry over problems, but to solve them!
A bit of history
Good afternoon, Leo! How did you get the idea to open your first private kindergarten? Why this particular type of business, and not something else?
The very idea of opening a private kindergarten belonged to my wife, even when we lived in Germany. In December 2008, my little daughter Nicole and I moved to Kaliningrad under the resettlement program, and we, like all young families, faced the question of placing the child in a good kindergarten. At that time, the queues for preschool educational institutions were very large - more than 15 thousand children! The first 3 months of my stay in Russia, I worked as an ordinary sales manager, and 80% of my monthly income went to pay for a rented apartment, my wife unsuccessfully looked for a more or less well-paid job ... Starting our own business was the only way out for our family! And our little daughter and the way we saw through her the problem with the lack of places in kindergartens, prompted us to engage in this particular type of business.
When was the first "Sun" kindergarten opened?
The first kindergarten on Velichava Street in Kaliningrad for 42 children was opened in 2009.
How many kindergartens have you opened so far?
Since 2009, we have opened only 4 kindergartens in the city of Kaliningrad. In the near future, there are plans to open a branch of the child development center "Solnyshko" in Germany, in the long term - in Kazakhstan and Belarus.
About business in general
What is special about your business model? Why is it interesting for the media and other entrepreneurs?
The fact is that we were one of the first in Russia to open a private kindergarten without a license, in the format of an ordinary individual entrepreneur. Moreover, everything was absolutely legal!
Before opening the kindergarten, we consulted with three lawyers - they all said that it was impossible, you need to create a legal entity, get a license. Even my uncle, Doctor of Law, Professor, Academician, Honored Lawyer of Russia, threw up his hands ... But we took a chance and everything worked out.
But doesn't the kindergarten conduct educational activities? How did you work without a license?
Now we have a license, the legislation has changed (to which we also contributed, more on that later) and we received it this year, still remaining an individual entrepreneur. Until 2013, the situation was different.
We had an idea to open a private garden in the IP format, but we did not know how to do it correctly. And then a kind of miracle happened - my wife had 4 numbers in her dream, "8532". In the morning we opened a directory of OKVED codes and found them. What we read answered all of our questions: “Providing social services without housing,” which includes day care. We went and opened an individual entrepreneur using this code, a license was not required here, because we did not conduct educational activities.
Explain to our readers what are the advantages of an individual entrepreneur in comparison with a legal entity?
For more detailed information on how the form of doing business is better, read our article.
- The first is fast, inexpensive and simple processing of all documents.
- The second is simplified taxation.
- Third, the fines are significantly less than for legal entities. For example: SES fines individual entrepreneurs for 1-3 thousand rubles, but a legal entity will have to pay from 20 to 40. Firefighters with individual entrepreneurs take 30-40 thousand rubles, but from legal entities already 150-200.
Are there any difficulties in your work? How do you deal with them?
If you do not take into account the difficulties with imperfect legislation, then there is only one recurring problem - residents of neighboring cottages. Due to the fact that they constantly complained about us in all instances, we have undergone many checks. Particularly active residents wrote to the President, the governor, and the prosecutor's office ... But we withstood several courts, paid all the fines imposed, complied with all the orders and continued to work.
And what is the cause of complaints about the kindergarten?
Children's screams and noise during walks and games, which supposedly prevent residents from living peacefully. Some complained that they could not sunbathe on the veranda now, that their dogs were barking, etc. I think the problem is more in the people themselves than in our children, who in most cases behave normally.
Is advertising an engine of progress?
Initially, when we opened the first kindergarten, we simply did not have money for advertising. But we found a way out - we took a printer and printed several stacks of ads with a bright picture of the sun, where they indicated the lowest price for a private kindergarten in the city - then it was 6,500 rubles, and also briefly described all the attractive conditions. In three days my wife and I pasted over all the stops and pillars in the city. The next day, 30 calls were received on the indicated phone number, and another day and for a long time we received up to 100 calls per day and more! Desired effect has been achieved.
Then we periodically contacted the media and advertised. Now we are planning to launch new additional services, and we are planning to "blow up" the press!
What you need to have is a good site with photos of the territory, kindergarten premises, a description of the conditions of stay, etc. We have such a resource - http://solnishko-kaliningrad.ru.
And again about business: more about the business model
What is the difference between a private preschool institution and a municipal one?
At the very beginning of our business, we set ourselves a goal - to become the best in everything. Of course, under the influence of the human factor and other circumstances, we did not always succeed, but we constantly strived for excellence in all aspects. This is our difference from municipal kindergartens.
I do not argue, some of them are very good, but for the most part I see there an irresponsible, disinterested attitude to the work of both managers and staff. Even good municipal gardens have one drawback - they are too large and it is difficult to ensure that everything is in order there. In this sense, "Solnyshko" is more compact, and in terms of quality control of the services provided, we have always distinguished ourselves favorably.
Now our kindergarten, in essence, while remaining private, has become municipal.
What do you have in mind?
Now in our private kindergarten there are 277 children from the general city queue - this is one of the largest indicators in Russia! Parents pay a standard contribution of 1,600 rubles a month, and the city treasury and the regional budget pays the rest of the money to us. These are partnerships between business and the city administration, which are beneficial for both me and the municipality, since there is no need to build kindergartens, spending millions of rubles on this - you can place children in ready-made preschool educational institutions - private. Thanks to this, the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation can be successfully and on time implemented so that by 2016 every child will be provided with a place in a kindergarten - the help of the private sector is invaluable here!
How did you come to this partnership model?
It all started with my victory at the all-Russian competition "Young Entrepreneur of Russia - 2012", after which they began to invite me to various large-scale enterprises of the federal and international level. One of these was Baltic Artek in 2013, where I was asked to make a presentation of my business model to the governors of the North-Western Administrative District and members of the government.
After that, Stanislav Sergeevich Voskresensky, Deputy Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the North-Western Administrative District, at whose invitation I came to this congress, asked the key question: "And how can the" Sun "help the state?" At that time, Kaliningrad experienced a huge need for places in a preschool educational institution, which continues to this day. This is how the idea of cooperation was born.
Do I need to obtain any kind of license or permission to operate for such a partnership?
In September last year, an updated Federal Law on Education was issued, which allowed individual entrepreneurs to obtain a license to conduct educational activities, and in October 2013 I began the long process of obtaining this important document. We have reconstructed the buildings in accordance with the requirements, passed inspections by all possible authorities, etc. In January 2014, we successfully received the license.
Until September 1, 13th year, only a legal entity could do this, which I have always opposed. The new law has opened the way for individual entrepreneurs who want to provide educational services!
After receiving the license, I wrote a letter to the head of the Kaliningrad Education Committee with a proposal to place children from the citywide queue in the private kindergarten "Solnyshko" within the framework of a public-private partnership. We received a written refusal to do this, arguing that in January 2014 such a concept as a “private kindergarten” was removed from the Federal Law - an annoying oversight that, in fact, canceled everything that we had been striving for for so long!
You know, in the past I was a professional track and field athlete, and for me it was like when you finish, and suddenly they tell you that you were actually running in the wrong direction!
Meanwhile, many municipal kindergartens were built in Kaliningrad over the course of a year, and children began to simply move there from Solnyshka. In fact, we were close to ruin.
What did you do in this situation?
I wrote about the readiness of "Sun" to accept 300 children from the citywide queue and the bureaucratic barrier to the Governor of the Kaliningrad Region and the President of the Russian Federation. Already in March of this year, the governor convenes a meeting, at which he gives orders to look for any way out of the current situation due to flaws in the legislation and to find an opportunity to place a municipal order for placing children in a private preschool educational institution. In fact, it was not only about us, but also about dozens of private kindergartens that could really help the state save money! For clarity, I will cite the following figures - the construction of a municipal kindergarten for 250 children in Kaliningrad costs 240 million rubles. If we take these children to ourselves, then the city does not need to spend this huge amount!
It took about four months to work out new mechanisms of cooperation between the administration and our private kindergarten, in which the experience of our colleagues from Perm helped us a lot. In July, we signed a contract with the administration, and at the beginning of August 2014, 277 children from the citywide queue moved to Solnyshko.
With these tremendous efforts, we not only solved the problem of our business, but also opened the way for all private gardens in our region and Russia as a whole! I want any entrepreneur in any region of our vast country to use our experience and not spend as much nerves and time as we do.
Let's talk about the cost of services
How much does it cost to attend kindergarten? What is included in this amount?
From the moment Solnyshka opened up to the present day, the payment for a child's stay has, of course, changed. We started by putting the most low price- 6500 rubles. Now the fee is 9,000, it includes an 11, 5-hour child's stay in kindergarten, four balanced meals a day, educational activities... An additional fee will be charged for the services of a speech therapist, child psychologist or study of English language- at the request of the parents.
Today, as I have already said, the parents' pay in "Solnyshka" is the same as in the municipal garden - only 1600 rubles. We have about 30 “private traders” left.
How everything works from the inside
How can you get to your kindergartens? Do I need to get up in a queue and how long to wait?
When we were a private kindergarten, everything was elementary - parents came to us with a child, provided him with a medical card, signed an agreement and paid the required amount. Now everything has changed - we simply do not have places, those 277 children who came to us through the education committee will be graduated from our kindergarten. Therefore, now the answer to your question is - in no way.
In 2009-2012, the situation was completely different, now kindergartens are being actively built in our city and there is no such queue as then. In those years, the field of our activity was completely "unplowed", and when we opened our kindergartens, the queue of those wishing to get into them reached 200 people! We have always worked to the fullest.
How many children are in the group?
We work in accordance with current regulations, and we have groups of 25 to 30 people, but there are also smaller groups.
Do you offer any additional educational services, programs, or are the children just spending time with the caregivers?
Of course, educators are engaged with children in creativity, developmental games - here everything is the same as in any good municipal kindergarten! Now that we have a license, we work in full compliance with the unified educational standard of the city of Kaliningrad. In addition, all our teachers are included in the professional development system and will take part in all the necessary activities.
Was it difficult to find personnel to work in the kindergarten? Do educators need to have a pedagogical education?
To be honest, the personnel issue is one of the most difficult. There was a time when people came to us and after a while left - someone himself, and with someone we said goodbye on our own initiative. Over the entire period of our work, 2,000 clients and 150 staff members have passed through the Solnyshko kindergartens. Now the working collective in all kindergartens has been formed. Everything depends on the staff: how the children feel, the reputation of the institution ...
At the beginning of work, we set wages employees more than they would receive for their work in an ordinary municipal kindergarten, and I still adhere to this principle.
Of course, everyone who works with children must have a secondary or higher pedagogical education, especially when it comes to a licensed institution that fulfills a municipal order!
Is there competition in this type of business in your city?
The kindergarten "Solnyshko" has never had any competition. Why? It's just that at the very beginning of the implementation of my project, I said that I would open one of the best, exemplary gardens in Russia, we will be the benchmark. Since I published my business model, many entrepreneurs have taken advantage of it in Kaliningrad and the region, who have opened more than 40 private kindergartens. In Russia as a whole, more than 2,000 entrepreneurs turned to me for advice.
Our only competitors have always been only municipal preschool educational institutions, due to their financial availability for the population. But this is already in the past.
About investment and return on investment
Let's talk about the material part of the business. What was the initial investment in the project?
250 thousand, which we borrowed from our parents for 2 months. We used them to purchase furniture, dishes, bedding, toys, issued an individual entrepreneur, etc.
Renting a cottage in our city costs from 100 to 200 thousand rubles a month.
How quickly did the investment return?
After two months, we returned the start-up capital, and if we talk about the average payback of our branches, this is a period of 4 to 7 months.
About taxes and checks
Which taxation system have you chosen?
Do supervisory authorities often visit you? Do they have many requirements for such institutions?
Previously, when we had problems with tenants' complaints, there were many checks, from various authorities. There were many visits from regulatory authorities during the long process of obtaining a license. We were visited by those who issued the conclusions necessary for licensing - these are RosPotrebNadzor and GosPozhNadzor, the supervision service of the Education Committee of the Kaliningrad Region (the license issuing authority). Further, when we took the municipal order, a whole commission of the Education Committee came to us. In general, over the years, all the regulatory authorities have visited us.
As for the requirements, there are really a lot of them, we even had to change the structure of buildings and the interior arrangement.
And now you are often checked by supervisory authorities?
It is planned, once a year, whether two of us are also checked, but we will find out about this in advance by visiting the sites of the regulatory authorities, where there are inspection schedules.
About choosing a place for a kindergarten
Why do you open your kindergartens in cottages, because according to the law, this can be done even in apartments, which is much cheaper!
An apartment is a very limited environment, both in terms of the number of children and their freedom of movement, and the influence of neighbors, etc. Although the 2010 law gave private kindergartens the right to open in apartments, in Russia this is a very problematic option. For example, in the Civil Code there is an article according to which if 51% of the tenants of an apartment building are against the kindergarten, it will simply be closed! In the case of a cottage, everything is much simpler.
Although, if I decided to open a legal entity and get a license then, in 2009, I would also have to get the consent of my neighbors, even if it was a cottage.
A separate house means a much larger number of children, a different financial turnover, other opportunities, a separate infrastructure - logistics, a kitchen, a place for walks and events, etc. I was thinking big from the very beginning!
Do you close during the summer or other times for renovations, like many municipal kindergartens?
No never! The only time when we do not work is the ones approved at the legislative level public holidays.
Are you renting buildings?
Yes, it is much more profitable than buying. For example, if I wanted to buy the mansion in which we are now, it would pay off only in 40 years! It is too long and expensive.
Instead of a franchise, I use an affiliate model of building a business - 50 to 50%. I'd rather open a kindergarten myself, together with partners, than I will engage in endless consultations ... Or just carefully study my experience, open an IP and act yourself!
In the near future, we are planning to open a branch "Sun" in Germany. There is also an urgent problem of lack of places in kindergartens and there are difficulties in obtaining a license, but they are quite surmountable!
What is the secret of your business success?
I think my success is destiny. Now, when I assess my life, I see that I have been moving towards this since childhood. Something drove me, circumstances developed in such a way that I came to the opening of my own business and brought it to the proper level. I’m lying if I say that it’s all about accurate calculations and a good business plan - the factor of luck is always present.
We were always helped by forces from above, in five years everything happened, there were moments when bankruptcy was approaching. But we held out!
Even before I moved to Russia, in Germany we had many difficulties that tempered my character and taught me to think in a "3D format", without borders. We have learned not to cry over problems, but to solve them!
Where do you see the positive and negative sides of running your business? What does he mean in your life?
The negative side is that a lot of nerves are wasted, especially at the stage of starting a business. No one will do anything for you, you cannot relax for a minute. Morally, mentally it is sometimes very difficult.
The pluses are that you manage your life yourself, you get other income ... In fact, there are much more pluses than minuses!
Is it hard to do business in our country?
It is difficult for me to say about the situation in the country as a whole, but there are no obstacles for business in Kaliningrad. According to the Forbes magazine, it ranked first among all regions of Russia last year in terms of favorable conditions for business. And in general, I think that it is much easier to open your own business here than in Europe or the USA, and in last years the state actively supports entrepreneurs.
"Russia is a country of opportunities!" - I saw a huge billboard with this slogan when in January 2009, just a month after moving to Russia, I was at the Pulkovo airport in St. Petersburg. Everyone understands this phrase in his own way, but for me it was like a sign, I took it personally for myself as a guide to action.
What are your plans for the future?
Speaking in detail about the network of private kindergartens "Solnyshko" in Kaliningrad, we plan to introduce a whole range of additional services from September 1, 2014 - both for our children and for everyone! The work will be carried out in 10 directions, it will be a variety of activities in the evening: drawing, wushu, dancing, vocals, yoga, theater studio, plasticine, etc. In addition, a weekend group will start working on Saturdays and Sundays.
As I have already mentioned, next year we are planning to open a branch of "Sun" in Germany.
After the presidents of Kazakhstan, Belarus and Russia have signed an agreement on the establishment of the Eurasian Union, one legal field will operate on the territory of all three states. This will give us the opportunity to open branches of "Sun" in these countries, without obtaining any additional documents, licenses, permits, etc. We have plans for Minsk and Astana.
On a larger scale, my goal is to change this world, my country for the better. It gives me pleasure to create businesses that can live and benefit people. I want to always be in motion, to develop.
Give advice to our readers wishing to start their own business.
I would like to wish aspiring entrepreneurs to overcome their fears. Do not think about the fact that you may fail, believe in your success. Doubt is a vice when it comes to business. When in doubt, you lose control of the situation.
I am deeply convinced that our thoughts are material. I recommend to everyone who does not believe in this to watch the film "The Secret". I can say for myself - everything I thought about over the past five or six years eventually materialized.
If you go through your difficult path to success from scratch, you will become the person who will be able to change something in the world around him.
In recent years, it has been rather difficult for young parents to place their baby in a municipal kindergarten due to the lack of places. You have to stand in line from his birthday, but it is not a fact that the place will be received when the child reaches 2-3 years old. A private kindergarten comes to the rescue - a fairly new and promising direction of small business.
What is a private kindergarten
A private kindergarten is an educational institution that provides social services to the population (or supervision and care), on the basis of extra-budgetary funds and parental fees. Social services include:
- Education and upbringing of the child
- Supervision and care
- Wellness and disease prevention
- Pedagogical education of parents
Off-budget funds are investments of investors, if any, or your own cash that you will spend on the design and opening of your own preschool.
Advantages and disadvantages
pros:
Minuses:
- High parental fees, but many parents prefer to pay for the education and upbringing of the child in a comfortable environment, so that both the baby will feel good and the mother and father will have their hearts in place.
- Lack of a dedicated walking area. Most often, children are taken out for a walk in a nearby square or park, unless the kindergarten premises are located in a separate cottage or specialized room.
- Lack of benefits for paying for kindergarten.
- Opening a preschool institution (or group) will require considerable financial investments, physical and moral strength in the fight against bureaucracy in obtaining permits, studying and drafting various statutory and educational documents.
Video - about the pros and cons of private kindergartens:
Is it profitable to open a private kindergarten and in what cases
A private kindergarten, like any business, can generate income. There is almost no competition in this area. The demand for educational services is great and many parents can and want to pay for a quality education for their child.
However, not all so simple. Keeping children in an educational institution involves high costs. Therefore, one cannot count on excess profits. A kindergarten will pay for itself faster if it is attended by at least 20 children, and parents pay from $ 200 to $ 1,500 per month.
The chosen concept of the kindergarten is also important: parents will be more willing to shell out money if the kindergarten differs in the original direction of teaching kids: according to the author's developmental methods, with the use of additional educational services.
At the same time, after all costs have been paid off, the owner can receive a stable profit.
When opening a kindergarten, all the necessary regulatory requirements should be fulfilled, then inspections by regulatory authorities, for example, will not be scary.
What documents and licenses need to be issued
One should start with the registration of a legal entity or individual - an individual entrepreneur in a non-profit organizational and legal form. Registration of a non-profit organization is carried out by the Federal Registration Service of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation. The constituent documents indicate the selected specificity of the activity in accordance with the all-Russian classifier. The term for consideration of applications is 1 month.
After that, you should register:
- At the tax office
- Social and Compulsory Health Insurance Fund
- The Pension Fund
- State statistics bodies
- Coordinate the specifics of activities with the department (management, department) of education or local government bodies.
- Open a bank account.
In order to conduct educational activities, a kindergarten must obtain accreditation and a license from the Department of Education or from local authorities with the appropriate powers.
Documents for obtaining a license:
- A contract for the lease of premises or for ownership, if the kindergarten is in its own cottage or apartment
- Conclusion of the fire services on the compliance of the premises with the requirements for preschool institutions
- SES conclusion
- Tax Registration Certificate (TIN)
- The charter
- Educational program
- List of necessary methodological literature and training materials available
- Data on teaching staff
- Data on the number of children
Carrying out educational activities without a license is subject to criminal liability.
But you can open preschool organization short-term stay of children - 3-4 hours a day, the organization is formalized as a children's development or training center, in which case a license is not required. The development center is sections, hobby groups, any kind of studio.
What is required to open a private kindergarten
Requirements for premises and equipment
Simultaneously with the start of paperwork, start looking for a room for children. To get started, read the requirements of SanPin 2.4.1.3049-13 (as amended on 04/04/2014) "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the device, maintenance and organization of the mode of operation of preschool educational organizations."
The norms provide:
All rooms must be equipped with a fire alarm, lit with natural and electric light, have a temperature of 22 degrees, painted with moisture-resistant paint.
Finally, all obstacles are over. The papers have been decorated, the premises have been found, repaired and furnished with children's furniture in accordance with the SanPin requirements, dishes, toys, soft inventory, stationery, methodological literature, etc. have been purchased. It's time to recruit staff.
Personnel requirements
When recruiting personnel, one should be guided not only by education, experience, category and other business qualities, but also by love for children. The state includes:
- educators,
- nannies,
- manager,
- paramedic,
- cleaning woman,
- Cook.
Educators must be professional to ensure high level preschool training.
A nurse must know the specifics of working in a preschool institution, and a doctor can be invited from the nearest children's clinic on a part-time basis.
If a kindergarten provides a unique selling proposition, a specialist is required to provide this educational service:
- teacher of additional education in English,
- psychologist,
- head of physical education,
- art teacher,
- musical director,
- choreographer, etc., depending on the chosen direction.
And finally, children. It is advisable that children are matched to groups of the same age or with a slight difference (plus or minus 1 year). Since in a private kindergarten there will be educational activities, the groups should have toys, stationery.
Every child should be provided:
- Games for development and learning, toys by age
- Furniture for individual storage
- Kitchen utensils and furniture
- Sleeping place and bed linen
- Hygiene supplies
Agreement with parents
An agreement on the provision of educational services is concluded with the parents of children, which should include:
- Subjects: the owner of the kindergarten, as the Contractor, and one of the child's parents, as the Customer.
- Subject of the contract: services provided by an educational institution: supervision and care, preparation for school, services for additional education, etc.
- Rights and obligations of the Contractor and the Customer.
- Be sure to indicate the measures of responsibility for violation of the clauses of the agreement and the procedure for resolving disputes.
- Prices for kindergarten services and the possibility of recalculation.
- Legal and actual addresses, requisites.
- Permission to process personal data.
Is it possible and how to open a private kindergarten at home
There is another type of institutions for babies - family / home kindergarten... Such establishments open in an ordinary apartment and are intended for the supervision and care of children. Children stay part-time.
Recently, many young mothers are thinking about how to organize a home kindergarten, because to open a family (home) kindergarten, you do not need to apply for a license, which is undoubtedly a big plus and significantly speeds up the process. Otherwise, the same requirements are imposed on the registration of documentation for a family home kindergarten.
Pros of a family kindergarten:
- A small number of children, the child will quickly get used to the team;
- An individual approach to the upbringing and nutrition of each child;
- The conditions are almost like home.
Minuses:
- High fees;
- There is no educational process;
- Perhaps the lack of pedagogical education among the owners of the kindergarten;
- Insufficient space for games.
Indicative business plan
To open a private preschool institution, it is necessary to draw up an approximate calculation of expenses and income, that is, a business plan.
The first expenses are registration, which takes about 4-10 thousand rubles.
Renting a room can cost from 30 thousand rubles and more.
If the premises are owned by the organizer, then only the cost of utilities should be included in the costs.
Installation of video communication for the peace of mind of parents will cost 25,000 rubles.
Repair and re-equipment of the premises, overalls for workers, kitchen equipment, laundry, medical office, attributes for music and sports activities, household appliances - all these costs are borne by the organizer even before the kindergarten opens.
In total, at the initial stage of starting a business, you may need from 200 to 700 thousand rubles, depending on the number of planned groups. The opening of one group of 8 children in their own premises will cost about 170 thousand rubles.
When money starts to flow to the current account, the following expenses are added:
- employee salaries
- training
- food for children
- purchase of stationery and household chemicals etc.
- updating training materials
- creating your own website
- various promotions
Based on the costs, the parental fee for the child's stay in kindergarten is calculated.
