WORKBOOK
(test papers №1,2)
By discipline
"Hairdressing"
The workbook must be completed electronically, font color is red.
Chapter 1 PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT OF HAIRDRESSERS. EQUIPMENT AND ORGANIZATION OF WORKPLACES. GENERAL RULES FOR VISITOR SERVICE
1. List:
a) the main types of hairdressing salons:
male, female and mixed. Depending on the composition of the room, equipment and fixtures, the use of perfumery and cosmetic materials
b) the main types of hairdressing salons:
qualifications of professionals, there are several types of hairdressing salons: luxury salons, hairdressing salons, hairdressing salons.
· Luxury salons - provide the most sophisticated, complex and high-quality hairdressing and cosmetic services, as well as health and wellness courses in massage rooms, in gymnastics and gyms. Luxury salons differ in the quantity and quality of service. Here they make exclusive hairstyles, make-up, manicure, pedicure, nail extension, using progressive technologies, the latest progressive equipment and tools. At least 25% of the number of hairdressers must have the category of "made-artist", the rest are 4 and 5-grade specialists, first-class cosmetologists, manicure and pedicure masters with at least two years of work experience.
· Hairdressing salons - offer the performance of artistic hairstyles for various purposes, haircuts, dyes and other types of hairdressing services using modern technologies. They use high-quality and branded equipment and materials. Sufficiently qualified personnel work, hairdressers-fashion designers of 4-5 categories (at least 50%), as well as cosmetologists, masters of manicure and pedicure (experience of at least a year). The cost of service in hairdressing salons is usually lower than in luxury salons.
· Hairdressing salons - provide all the necessary types of hairdressing services and use equipment and materials in their work with a lower level and quality of the range. They employ hairdressers, beauticians, manicure and pedicure masters. In women's hairdressing salons, in addition to the hair treatment room, there may be other necessary rooms for manicure and pedicure; a manicure workplace is usually located directly in the working room. In men's hairdressing salons, a manicure workstation can also be installed. Mixed hair salons are all the same. Waiting rooms can be separate and shared depending on the area of the room.
2. Fill in the table:
3. List the types of ventilation that hairdressing salons are equipped with:
- Ventilation systems design
Sanitary standards, technical specifications, manuals and installation rules
In addition to engineering structures for the supply of heat, water, power supply and drainage, there is a mandatory sanitary and hygienic requirement for the premises of SPA salons, manicure and pedicure rooms, beauty institutes, etc. public commercial premises are provided with high-quality ventilation with mechanical induction.
Compliance with regulatory microclimatic parameters will create a pleasant atmosphere in beauty rooms, studios and offices, which will attract visitors and increase business profitability. Installation of ventilation equipment is carried out taking into account the fact that the air exchange system in hairdressers and salons should be independent, not associated with general exchange air cleaning systems installed in residential or administrative buildings where they are located.
Photo: ventilation in a hairdressing salon of a beauty salon in the south-west of Moscow
Effective ventilation will make the beauty salon really comfortable and cozy. In such a room, it will be pleasant to do French manicure and pedicure, try out hardware cosmetology (ultrasonic laser facial cleansing, bioepilation and depilation), get hairdressing services (perm, dyeing, hair extensions, hair styling, etc.), performed by pleasant hairdressers , makeup artists and stylists.
What kind of ventilation is needed in hairdressing salons?
Whether you need ventilation in a hairdresser is up to the owner. But for the full functioning of beauty rooms, it is necessary to constantly remove excess heat and moisture generated by a large crowd of people and working equipment (hair dryers, hot water taps, curling irons and straightening hair). In addition, there are GOSTs for sanitary and epidemiological requirements and rules for the operation of hairdressing and beauty parlors, the purpose of which is to prevent the onset and spread of infection among staff and visitors. In addition to bacteria, fungi and viruses, there are sources of fine dust, hair and chemicals (lip gloss, shower gel, nail polish, hair dye, botox, etc.) in hairdressers and spas. Due to the large number of potential sources of air pollution, beauty salon owners are required to install a mechanical forced ventilation system.
Examples of completed projects
Among the projects carried out by our climate company StroyEngineering LLC:
- beauty salon located in the semi-basement (ground floor);
- a hairdressing salon, equipped on the 1st floor of a residential building (three-room apartment and a utility room of 100 sq. m.);
- the beauty institute, where they provide services - plastic surgery, electrolysis, removal of moles and warts (cryotherapy, cryodestruction);
- a cosmetology clinic with rooms for eyelid and lip contouring, breast mammoplasty (lifting, augmentation), liposuction, restylane, figure and nose shaping, mesotherapy, rhinoplasty, dysport, botox and photorejuvenation, dermatology, osteopathy, reflexology.
In buildings with more than 5 floors, ventilation pipes were removed according to SNiP 2.04.05-91 ("heating, ventilation and air conditioning"). With a one and a half meter tolerance, to prevent the spread of unpleasant odors and dust into rooms located on the upper floors. The projects took into account the presence of utility and sanitary facilities that do not require artificial air supply, the number of jobs in hairdressing salons was taken into account. Calculated actions were carried out based on the maximum occupancy of the halls, with the installation of control automation to save energy and reduce operating costs.
In the SPA salon, where a sports club and a fitness center were equipped, modern fitness programs were introduced, Vichy shower and seaweed wraps were used, modern climatic equipment was installed. Wall-mounted split systems were installed in the premises of beauty parlors, ducted air conditioners in the gym, dehumidifiers and air heaters in the changing rooms. Air purification in the cabin building was carried out by supply and exhaust ventilation, with industrial filters and fans.
Air exchange rates in hairdressing salons
In rooms where cosmetic and wellness treatments(back treatment, eyelash extension, peeling, Permanent makeup eyebrows, etc.) StroyEngineering specialists design the air exchange rate up to 4 cubic meters per hour for each person. The calculation is carried out according to the regulations of SNiP 2.04.05-91 and II-33-75 of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In accordance with SNiP II-33-75, a coolant and heating equipment common to the main building are used in beauty salons.
Photo: ventilation of a Moscow cosmetic clinic with a spa salon
Natural ventilation is an important part of the ecosystem in hairdressing and beauty parlors. Along with mechanical ventilation elements, our designers provide for the use of a natural air exchange system. These measures not only reduce operating costs for energy consumption, but also ensure compliance with the rules of "SanPiN 2.1.2.1199-03".
Ventilation and air conditioning systems installed by StroyEngineering professionals in massage and beauty salons, manicure and pedicure rooms of hairdressing salons prevent the spread of viral and other diseases, remove harmful vapors of perfume and chemical origin. The climatic parameters of the premises in beauty institutes and cosmetology clinics meet GOST service standards and are coordinated with the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision. The equipment is designed isolated from the general ventilation systems of buildings and structures in which they are located.
Heating is standardized with a tolerance of up to 2 degrees C vertically (1.5 m from the floor) and horizontally (from the outer walls) during the cold season. Moreover, in SPA salons, rooms for highlighting, perming, dyeing and styling hair, the air temperature does not drop below 22 ° C.
In the warm season, the temperature inside the room may be exceeded by 3 degrees C, in comparison with the outside values. For this, air conditioners are installed in the project of beauty parlors and hairdressing salons.
Taking into account SNiP and SanPiN requirements, the customer receives the following microclimatic parameters in the halls, offices and treatment rooms:
- temperature - from 21 to 24 degrees C;
- relative air humidity - 40-60%;
- air flow speed - 0.1 m / s.
4. Complete the missing word:According to sanitary standards, the lighting in a hairdressing salon should be bright and at the same time shadowless, and the light should reproduce shades of color well.
5. What types of lighting are used in hairdressing salons?
Each salon, SPA center and cosmetic center has its own image, the result of many components - architecture, decor elements and much more. As the most recent studies, including those from the field of psychology, show, lighting is the factor that most strongly influences the formation of the image of a room and the feeling of comfort among visitors. Practice shows that owners spend as much money on lighting design as remains after renovation, furniture and equipment purchase.
But the interior of the room and light are inextricably linked with each other, only light design is able to revive color, shape and volume, to give new life architectural object. The ability to create a variety of lighting solutions will allow you to simultaneously solve functional, aesthetic and emotional tasks in accordance with the purpose of a particular room. But first things first…
Beauty salon lighting
Lighting lighting of a modern beauty salon is a complex high-tech process. In order to maximize the combination of lighting functionality, design and budget, you need A complex approach to the design of the object's lighting: from the creation of the project and the calculation of the illumination to its technical implementation.
Based on the experience of working with objects of varying complexity and different levels of funding for one object, with a difference in budgets of up to two times, the same level of illumination can be achieved. In addition, modern lighting equipment is becoming more professional, energy-efficient and economical. Lighting engineers note the almost limitless possibilities of modern lighting fixtures. With their help, you can give a respectable look or make the interior of the salon more homey. You can visually increase or decrease the size of the room, zone it using the play of light. But this must be approached competently and professionally. Only then will the lighting solution be comfortable.
Reception area
Reception is a visiting card of any salon. It is important to emphasize here that this is a place for women, that is, everything should look thematically and beautifully. In modern salons, the reception and the waiting area are located in the same room. Lighting designers are advised to resort to zoning the room using different lighting.
The reception area should become a bright spot in the room, it is here that it is important to organize a cheerful and businesslike mood. Low-lying fluorescent lighting fixtures are ideal for this. The waiting area can be illuminated with a colored decorative luminaire. If the room has high ceilings for general lighting, you can use surface-mounted or pendant lamps with direct and indirect light, otherwise, you will not be able to do without recessed luminaires.
As a rule, various posters, diplomas and certificates are located in the reception area, you can focus on them with the help of built-in directional light fixtures or spotlights. Do not forget that when zoning a room, the color and texture of the walls, the type and color of the material with which the floor surface is processed, the color and material of which the furniture is made, have an important role in the illumination. All of these parameters affect illumination, since dark surfaces absorb light and light ones reflect. Depending on whether there is a light-reflecting tile on the floor or a dark-colored carpet that absorbs a large amount of light, the illumination indicators will be different. However, do not get carried away with a large number of lamps, the probability of an undesirable glare effect is high.
Hairdresser area (hall)
Nothing should distract a woman from her own person, and high-quality lighting of the hairdresser's area will save the hairdresser's eyesight, and the visitor will make an extra compliment to his skill. An interesting solution general lighting can be modular systems such as Cobra for fluorescent lamps.
For accent lighting of the working areas of the hall, spotlights on the busbar can be used. An important advantage of the system is the high bearing load of the suspended installation, the ability to change the arrangement of the installed floodlights or replace them without serious costs. If necessary, the projector can be disconnected from the power supply at all. Many floodlights have a modern design and are used in interiors with the highest technical and aesthetic requirements. To correctly determine the color and shade of the hair (when coloring), it is necessary that the light source is strong enough, but diffused. The best way to meet this condition is linear fluorescent lamps, which are located above the mirror. This will also allow to illuminate the client's face more advantageously and without shadows, and he will be satisfied.
Manicure and pedicure cabinet
Ideally, when designing light in manicure and pedicure rooms, it is necessary to solve the problem, firstly, to create maximum illumination, and secondly, to provide the ability to vary its level.
This is accomplished with dimmers that control all the necessary cabinet lights. For low ceilings, downlights can be used. The luminaires are easily mounted in a suspended ceiling, thanks to a special device, the luminous flux can be oriented (for swivel models) in the desired direction and have the most various options design. If the ceilings are high, then it is advisable to use pendant lights. Intensive lighting in the workplace of the master is organized using table or floor lamps. It is important to find a middle ground here - on the one hand, to create a comfortable light environment for the visitor, on the other hand, to properly organize the foreman's workplace.
Body care cabinet (massage, wraps)
When designing light in an office, it is necessary to combine mutually exclusive things: on the one hand - intimacy, which is necessary for observing the sacrament of procedures, on the other - transparency. These two factors should be guided by. Color solution the interior of the massage room area, it is generally better to make it neutral, for example, you can use shades of green, it will additionally relax and soothe. The light should be dim and soft. This can be achieved with the help of luminaires, the design of which is implemented with the ability to illuminate not only direct, but also reflected light. Direct and indirect light will create a feeling of psychological comfort during the service.
Cosmetology cabinet
In the cosmetology office, like in no other, all medical requirements for the procedures must be met, while it is necessary not to forget about the need to create a comfortable environment for rest and relaxation. The result should be a double effect: maximum and minimum light.
Of course, the dynamics of light plays an important role in the implementation of these requirements. It makes it possible, and to comply with all standards, and create a pleasant harmonious atmosphere. Moreover, it is not difficult to make such a flexible system. Firstly, the diffused light can be arranged using ceiling-recessed downlights with matt diffusers and lamps of cold color temperature. Secondly, the directional, working light is organized using side sconces, which give light to the walls and the patient's face. By redirecting the luminous flux of the sconce to the wall, we get the reflected light - the best for rest after the procedures.
It is better to design a room with a solarium in warm colors with a warm color temperature of the lamps, which is reminiscent of summer. The most common solution for tanning rooms is to ensure that general lighting is as close as possible to the spectrum of daylight. Almost always, the installation of luminaires is carried out evenly, at a certain level and over the entire area of the office. Modular pendant systems with fluorescent lamps or downlights can be used for this purpose. This is where, as a rule, a person evaluates and stares at his body. Therefore, the emphasis is on the number of mirrors and the quality of their illumination. Light sources should not be placed on the side of mirrors. Doubling in the mirror, the rays will hit the eyes and accentuate skin imperfections. It is much wiser to hang a lamp over a mirror - better let the light flatter the appearance and add confidence to the one who looks into it.
Many new beauty salons, SPA-salons and cosmetic centers are opened in Russia every year, providing women with various kinds of cosmetic services.
A beauty salon is no longer only a form of a noble and beautiful business, but fierce competition between its participants. It has become vitally important to keep almost every client within our walls. Therefore, in last years salons of all levels began to look for new opportunities to gain consumer loyalty. And this is not only resting corners, TV, DVD, glossy magazines and drinks in the recreation area, but attempts on a subconscious level to give the client the opportunity to feel comfortable throughout the entire stay in your establishment. After all, a beauty salon is the very place where a woman gets the opportunity to relax after a working day, to feel comfortable and as relaxed as possible.
6. Circle the letter of the correct answer. According to sanitary standards, the area of one workplace should be (m 2): a) 2.5; b) 3; c) 4.5; d) 5.5.
7. What does a hairdresser's workplace consist of?
The hairdresser's workplace is equipped with a dressing table and an armchair. There are many designs of hairdressing dressing tables, usually a plastic lined table with or without a sink mounted in it. The table has drawers for tools, accessories, perfumes and linen, an oval or rectangular mirror with a size of at least 60 by 100 cm is installed above the table. axis. It is also desirable that it be equipped with a hydraulic lift that allows, depending on the client's height, to raise or lower the chair, as well as turn it in the desired direction. For the convenience of clients, the chair should be equipped with a special footrest. The location of dressing tables and armchairs in the working room of hairdressing salons can be different, depending on the area of the room and the shape. Dressing tables are placed against the wall or in the center of the hall, you can also group them in two, three, etc. The main condition that must be met when placing the equipment is the observance of the established distances between the seats. The hairdresser's working area should not be more than 90 cm from the vertical axis of the chair, therefore, the minimum distance between the axes of two chairs should be 180 cm.If the working chair is located against a wall, then the distance between it and the wall should be at least 70 cm. For each workplace of a hairdresser, according to sanitary standards, at least 4.5 m 2 of area are allocated. On the dressing table, the tools and devices used are placed in a certain order (from right to left), taking into account the rule: the more often the object is used in the work, the closer to the master it should be. This makes it possible to reduce the number of movements of the hairdresser and, therefore, reduce his fatigue, if the tabletop is not large, you can install special trolleys with tools next to it. For more economical work of craftsmen, special work chairs are used. The foreman is obliged to keep his workplace and tools clean. At the end of the working day, the dressing table and all accessories must be thoroughly disinfected. .
8. List the main types of preparatory work:
Preparatory and final works for serving visitors in hairdressing salons are those works that are performed before and after the main technological process. Preparatory work includes the preparation of the workplace, tools, apparatus, linen, accessories and materials necessary for the implementation of the forthcoming operation. Hand washing, instrument disinfection, etc. The hairdresser must be at the workplace 15 minutes before the start to prepare for the reception of clients, to lay out tools and devices. Check the equipment, get clean linen and materials, place them on the dressing table or cart. At the first contact with the client, it is necessary to offer to sit in a chair, for this, the chair should be turned at the beginning so that the client is facing the mirror, talking with the client, the foreman finds out what services he wants to receive, offering the client additional services, the foreman must discuss them in advance price. Before starting work, the foreman washes his head and disinfects the instruments so that the client can see it. To diagnose hair and check if the client has skin and hair diseases. The master carefully combs his hair, determining the type and quality of his hair, their condition and direction of growth, if any infectious disease of the skin or hair is detected, the master in the correct form refuses the client to service. In case of a satisfactory result, covers the client with linen in accordance with the type of work. Most often, the preparatory work ends with the performance of hygienic washing of the hair, but depending on the main work, it may also include a test for the sensitivity of the skin to chemicals.
9. Why is it necessary to examine the scalp of the client before the start of his service?
Does the client have skin and hair diseases
10. List the main types of final work:
The final work in servicing the client includes combing out small cut hair, removing hairdressing linen from the client, brushing hair from his face and neck. Registration in the client's card, putting things in order on the dressing table, after each client, the final work is carried out after the main procedure. They begin with a dialogue between the master and the client, the master finds out whether the client is satisfied with everything, if the client has comments, the master must correct the deficiencies with the client's consent to additional types of work (hair drying, styling, fixing with varnish). The master performs them, after which he removes the hairdressing underwear from the client, and accompanies the client to the administrator, who tells him what types of services he performed for this client.
Chapter 2TOOLS, DEVICES, EQUIPMENT, HAIRDRESSER'S LINEN.
1. Fill in the missing words:
1) the tools of the hairdresser required to perform various operations with hair are called
_ as a result of which they change their state. By changing the condition of the hair, it is understood: their shortening as a result of cutting and shaving, giving the hair one shape or another (with the help of curlers, combs, bobbins, tongs, hand-held hair dryer, etc.). _ ____________________________________
2) hairdresser tools that play a secondary role in hair operations are called
________________________________________
2. Fill in the table:
3. What are the requirements for the material for making combs?
The most common and necessary tool a hairdresser's is a comb, without it it is impossible to perform a single hair treatment operation. The materials from which the combs are made must be resistant to the effects of chemical devices used in hairdressing salons. Must be well sanded as Burrs on the teeth can damage the scaly layer of the hair as well as the scalp. The combs should not be deformed by hot water, it is also necessary that combs are made of materials capable of accumulating electrical charges. Following important requirement to combs - elasticity, to the materials from which they are made, so as not to tear or pull out tangled hair when combing them. Combs are metal and non-metal, the advantage of metal combs is made of aluminum alloys, in the greatest resistance to high temperatures, which is very important when hot curling with tongs, but metal combs often have burrs, therefore, they require careful checking before use. Metallic combs are not recommended for perming and dyeing hair, because upon contact with devices, their oxidation occurs, and this affects the quality of curling and hair dyeing. Non-metallic combs are usually made from nylon, nylon, perlon, silicone, and other materials. These combs are practical and durable. Today there is great amount different forms of combs.
4. Indicate the components of the comb:
5. What types can be divided into all combs used in hairdressing practice?
The forms of the combs produced depend on their purpose and are conventionally divided into four types:
1. Combined - working surface, which are half of the rare, half of the frequent teeth.
2. With a uniform tooth position - with sparse or only sparse teeth.
3. With a pointed handle (with a tail).
4. All other various combs.
6. Determine and record the type of work being performed if:
a) the comb is held with the left hand, teeth up, the first finger is on the back, the second, third, fourth on the teeth
b) the comb is held with the left hand between the first and second fingers, teeth in the palm
c) the comb is kept in right hand teeth down, the first and fifth fingers are on the inside of the comb, the second, third and fourth fingers are on the outside of the comb.
7. What are the rules for the disinfection of combs and brushes?
In the process of work, between the teeth of the combs and the bristles of the brushes, various impurities accumulate in the form of small particles of dust, grease, etc. Therefore, combs and brushes must be systematically disinfected and cleaned; mechanical cleaning, after which they are washed in soapy water, rinsed thoroughly and immersed in a disinfectant solution (alaminol). Combs can also be disinfected in a special UV disinfector.
8. List the components of the scissors
2 screw (screw group)
3 outer surface of the ring, inner surface of the ring
5 outer and inner sides of the web
6 Cutting edge, trailing edge
7 End of web
9. What types of hairdressing scissors do you know? Indicate their purpose:
Straight scissors
Designed for hair cutting. They can also be used for thinning. Straight scissors have a straight cutting edge, sharpened in a standard or convection manner.
Standard, or straight, sharpening is performed at an angle of 45-50 degrees. In this case, the cutting edge is a flat strip about 1 mm wide. If the sharpening angle is more than 50 degrees, then a micro-notch is applied to one or both blades. Without it, such scissors will not cut, but chop the hair.
Scissors with a micro-notch open and close rigidly, it is impossible to make a sliding cut with them. However, the micro groove prevents the strands from slipping along the web. Therefore, these scissors are convenient for edging work.
Convection blade sharpening ("Convex") has a variable angle of 38-42 degrees. It is used by all manufacturers of world brands, in particular by TOKOSHA Ltd., Kedake, JAGUAR and others. Convex sharpened blades are distinguished by their convex shape. And the cutting edge has a thickness that does not exceed the thickness of the hair and provides an absolutely precise cut. Convection-sharpened scissors are ideal for precise cutting and slicing.
The shape of the canvases with convection sharpening is straight, saber-shaped, curved in the form of a sickle.
The scissors design can be classic, ergonomic (“Offset”) and semi-ergonomic (“Semi Offset”). The classic version for many craftsmen is more familiar. While the ergonomic design takes into account the anatomy of the hand, and therefore allows you to work without straining the muscles of the hand and forearm. The semi-ergonomic design is an intermediate option between classic and ergonomic.
Thinning scissors
They can be one- or two-sided - according to the location of the teeth on one or both canvases.
Bilateral scissors are more often used by novice hairdressers because they cut half as much hair. However, it is more difficult to work with them - they, in comparison with one-sided ones, have a heavier move.
The teeth can be straight and arched. For example, the Wasabi economy class models of the Japanese company KAI have straight teeth located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the blade. And in the more expensive Kasho scissors of the same company and Jaguar products, the Tondeo teeth have the shape of an arc of a circle, the radius of which is equal to the distance from the screw to the point where the teeth are located.
The width of the teeth of the thinning scissors at the apex is always wider than at the base. This avoids biting the hair when cutting.
Thinning scissors are available with a different number of prongs. In each case, the effect of the cut will be different. Therefore, many stylists have several thinning shears.
Flag scissors
They are used for simultaneous cutting and thinning. These scissors have one straight blade. It can be solid or with small teeth or two wide ones. And on another canvas, a nozzle with a pattern is put on. As a result, when cutting, you can get many options for strands with thinning the ends in the shape of the nozzle.
10. From the given options, choose the correct answer to the question: "How are the scissors held in an inoperative position?"
a) on the second and fourth fingers; c) on the first finger;
b) on the first and fourth fingers; d) on the fourth finger.
11. Circle the letter of the correct answer. Scissors disinfect:
a) in soapy water; d) in a disinfector;
b) in alcohol; e) over the flame of an alcohol lamp.
c) in a solution of chloramine;
12. List the basic safety rules when working with scissors:
Store the scissors in the specified location in a specific position.
Pay close attention to the cutting direction when working.
Do not work with blunt scissors or loose pivot points.
Do not hold the scissors with the blade up.
Do not leave scissors with open blades.
Do not use scissors while walking.
Do not go near a friend while working.
Pass the closed scissors with the rings forward.
Hold the material with your left hand while working with your fingers away from the blade .
13. Identify and list the components of the razor:
14. List the basic safety rules when working with an electric machine:
When using an electric clipper, just like any other electrical appliance, you must follow the precautions: do not handle the clipper with wet hands. There are rotary machines, they work when the cord is plugged into the sockets, there are also rechargeable machines, they are wireless and run on batteries. .
15. List the advantages and disadvantages of different types of curlers.
Chapter 3 WASHING THE HEAD, COMBATING THE HAIR, DRYING. HEAD MASSAGE. BASIC RULES FOR HAIR STYLING
1. List the goals of shampooing in hairdressers. Explain the essence of each purpose of shampooing.
2. Circle the letter of the correct answer. The most favorable water temperature for shampooing:
a) 20-25 "C; b) 25-30 ° C; c) 34-39" C.
3 ... List the factors on which the choice of shampoo for washing hair depends:
4. What is pH level? What is the pH value for acidic, neutral and alkaline media?
5. For what purpose, after drying with a hair dryer, is it necessary to blow the hair with a cold stream of air?
6. Give a definition:
7. What are the goals of head massage?
8. List the indications and contraindications for head massage:
a) indications:
b) contraindications:
9. List the main methods of hair styling:
10. Give definitions:
parting - _
CZK -
wave -
curl -
11. List the basic rules for winding hair on curlers:
Round brush - brushing is intended for:
a) lifting the roots of the strand; c) combing along the entire length of the strand
b) scrolling the ends of the strand; d) giving direction to the strands.
13. Fill in the missing word: when styling hair with a hairdryer, the air stream should be directed along …………… .. towards the head.
14. Fill in the missing words, indicating the condition of the hair: hair styling with electric tongs or irons is performed on …………… and …………………… ..hair.
15. Give definitions:
blunting -
combing -
Chapter 4 STRUCTURE OF HAIR. GROWTH PHASES. TYPES AND TYPES OF HAIR
1. Give a definition:
2. How many layers are there in the structure of the hair shaft?
3. What shape can be the section of the hair?
4. Give the definition of the phases of hair development:
anagen phase -
catagenic phase -
telogenic phase -
5. What is called baldness, or alopecia?
Chapter 5 CUTTING THE HAIR
1. List the factors influencing the choice of hair cut:
2. Give definitions:
haircut -
style -
type of haircut -
3. Draw the main areas of division of the scalp. Designate the zones with numbers and sign the name of each of them. Draw and sign the names of the partings used to divide the scalp:
4. Give a definition:
haircut shape -
5. Write the names of each of the forms of haircuts:
6. Indicate non-parallel finger placement in the figure:
7. Review the drawing and write the names of each of the haircut structures:
8. List the types of slices:
9. Give definitions:
control strand -
cutting angle -
angle of brace (lifting of the strand) -
comb angle -
10. Circle the correct answer. What cut allows the ends of the strands to lie when stacked upside down?
a) internal; b) external.
11. Insert the missing words:
1) a round section of the hair is obtained with a …………… cut.
The scissor blades are located ………………. the plane of the strand;
2) an oval section of the hair is obtained with a ………………… .. cut.
The scissors blades are located ………………… to the plane of the strand;
3) a long oval section of the hair is obtained with a …………… .. cut.
The scissor blades are located along ……………… to the plane of the strand.
12. Circle the letter of the correct answer. Use the following tool to shade:
a) thinning scissors; c) a machine;
b) straight scissors; d) razor.
13. Give definitions:
removal on the fingers -
thinning -
edging -
whittling down -
shading -
14. Circle the letters of the correct answers:
1) What type of thinning is used to add volume when styling your hair?
b) root thinning;
2) What is the name of the type of thinning, which gives the haircut plasticity, texture, makes styling easier and thinns thick, heavy hair?
a) thinning along the entire length of the strand;
b) root thinning;
c) thinning at the ends of the strands.
15. Draw the following types of edging on the neck: curly, brace, semicircular. Sign the figures.
16. Draw the shapes of the edging of the male temples. Sign a title under each form.
17. Give a definition:
haircut scheme -
18. Circle the letters of the correct answers.
1) What method is used for a simple uniform haircut?
a) strand by strand;
b) strand by strand;
2) What is the approximate angle of the brace of the strands when performing a simple uniform haircut?
a) 0 °; c) 180 °;
b) 90 °; d) different each time.
3) The technology for performing a simple uniform haircut provides for the selection of strands:
a) horizontal parting; c) radial parting;
b) vertical parting; d) diagonal parting.
19. Insert the missing word: the cutting line when performing a simple even haircut is parallel…………………
20. Give a definition: moving control strand method -
21. Circle the letters of the correct answers.
1) A simple uniform haircut is:
a) contrasting;
b) low contrast.
2) A massive haircut is performed by the method:
a) strand by strand;
b) strand by strand;
c) by the stepwise haircut method.
3) The angle of the brace of the strands when performing a massive haircut is equal to:
a) 0 °;
b) 90 °;
c) 180 °;
d) the angle of the guy can be different each time.
22. Insert the missing word: the cutting line when performing a massive haircut is parallel to the line
23. Consider the figure, which shows the schemes for performing some types of calibration
Fill in the table, indicating in it the position of the required type of graduation for performing a haircut of a given shape:
24. Circle the letters of the correct answers.
1) The following features are characteristic of a round face type:
b) the lines of the face oval are smooth and rounded; e) high forehead;
c) a short nose is possible; f) the face is equally wide at the level of the eyes, cheekbones, chin.
3) For a square type of face, the following features are characteristic:
a) wide cheekbones; d) wide forehead;
c) the angles of the jaw are highlighted; f) the face is equally wide at the level of the eyes, cheekbones, chin.
5) For a triangular face type, the following features are characteristic:
6) the lines of the face oval are smooth and rounded; e) high forehead;
7) The following features are characteristic of the diamond-shaped face type:
a) wide cheekbones; d) wide forehead;
b) the lines of the face oval are smooth and rounded; e) high forehead;
c) a short nose is possible; f) a long pointed chin.
9) The following symptoms are characteristic of an elongated face:
a) wide cheekbones; d) wide forehead;
b) the lines of the face oval are smooth and rounded; e) high forehead;
c) a short nose is possible; f) a long chin.
Chapter 6 HAIR COLORING
1. Give definitions:
color depth -
color direction -
pigment -
toning -
clarification
bleaching
highlighting
2. Establish a correspondence between the group of dyes and the reaction of their action on the hair:
3. List the main tools and devices used by the master for dyeing hair:
4. What happens to the hair when dyed with dyes of the first group:
5. What is a bioassay and what is it for?
6. Give the concept of primary and secondary hair color:
7. Draw a scheme for dividing hair into sections when coloring them:
8. What condition should the hair be in when applying dyes of the first group? Explain why?
9. Why after applying the dye of the first group it is necessary to lightly fluff up the hair?
10. Insert the missing digits:
1) during discoloration, the dye is diluted with an oxidizing agent in the proportion of _____________________________________;
2) the holding time of the dye during discoloration, depending on the concentration of the oxidizing agent and the degree of clarification, can be ___________.
11. Is it possible to use additional heat when staining with dyes of the first group? If so, in what form?
12. What methods of hair care after dyeing with dyes of the first group?
13. Fill in the table, indicating the order in which the dye of the second group is applied to the hair:
14. Give the concept of emulsification and explain why it is necessary to
fill up:
15. What effect do dyes of the second group have on hair?
16. What should be considered when choosing a dye color?
17. Draw a color wheel.
18. What do the first and second digits mean when marking the dye?
19. For what purpose are mixtons used and according to what rule are they added to the dye?
20. What percentage concentration and in what cases is an oxidizing agent used for hair dyeing? Give your answer using the Koleston Perfekt dye as an example.
6%- _______________________________________
9%-12%-____________________________
21. What are the 12th row dyes used for? In what proportion and with what oxidants are they diluted?
22. What is pre-pigmentation? Why is it performed and
how?
23. Fill in the missing words:
1.undesirable green tint when staining, it can be eliminated by using dyes with a ________ shade;
2. purple mikston can be used to eliminate unwanted ____________________ shade, which is obtained when highlighting or lightening hair.
24. What effect do dyes of the third group have on hair?
25. What subgroups can be divided into professional dyes of the third group?
26. Fill in the missing words describing the condition of the hair:
physical dyes are applied to ______________ and ______________________________________________________________________ hair.
27. Do I need additional hair care after coloring with dyes?
third group?
28. Fill in the missing numbers:
when dyeing with physical dyes, the exposure time on the hair is _____________________ ____________ min.
29. Give examples of dyes of the fourth group:
30. What effect do dyes of the fourth group have on hair?
31. Fill in the missing words describing the condition of the hair:
henna is applied to ______ _______________ and__ _______________ hair.
32 .__________________ Complete the missing digits and numbers:
1.the time of exposure to henna on hair when dyeing, depending on the desired color, is from ______;
2. The time of exposure to henna on hair during treatment is from _____________ min.
33. Circle the letter of the correct answer. For dyeing gray hair, dyes are used:
a) the first group; c) the third group;
b) the second group; d) the fourth group.
34. Write the names of several coloring techniques for long hair:
35. What personal protective equipment does the master use when working with hair dyes?
Chapter 7 CHEMICAL HAIR CURL
1. Give a definition:
perm -
2. List the main advantages of perming hair:
3. Circle the letters of the correct answers:
1) the pH of the alkaline chemical composition is equal to:
a) 3-4; b) 6-7; c) 8-9;
2) the concentration of thioglycolic acid in the chemical composition is (%):
a) 3; b) 5.5; c) 6.5; d) 7.5;
3) the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the fixer is (%):
a) 3; b) 5.5; c) 6.5; d) 12.
4. What are the three types of bonds connected by keratin chains in the hair?
5. Describe the chemical processes occurring in the hair during chemical
perm:
6. Make a list of the tools and accessories needed to
performing a chemical wave:
7. Insert the missing words or phrases:
1) __________________________________ the width of the strand when wound is equal to ____________________________________ ____________ bobbins;
2) __________________________________ the thickness of the strand during winding is equal to ___________________________________ _________________.
8. Insert the missing words, indicating the condition of the hair: the hair when curled on bobbins for a perm should be ___________________ and _______________________.
9. Draw a scheme for dividing the hair and the angle of the brace of the strand when winding them on the bobbins:
10. Write down the procedure for performing the technological process of perming hair:
11. List the factors affecting the degree of frizzy hair:
12. List the wizard's mistakes when performing a perm:
13. What are the ways of hair care after chemical
hair curls?
14. Circle the letters of the correct answers.
1) To get a larger curl, you must:
a) reduce the holding time of the chemical composition;
b) wind hair on large bobbins;
c) wind up thicker strands.
2) To get a fine elastic curl, you must:
a) increase the holding time;
b) apply a more concentrated composition;
c) wind the hair on small bobbins.
3) Perm for blonde hair is performed:
a) before re-blonding;
b) after repeated blonding in 1-2 weeks;
c) immediately after repeated blonding;
4) Perming of hair dyed with dyes of the second group is performed:
a) before re-painting;
c) immediately after re-painting;
5) Perming of hair dyed with dyes of the third group is performed:
a) before re-painting;
6) after re-painting in 1 - 2 weeks;
6) Perming hair dyed with dyes of the fourth group,
performed:
a) before re-painting;
b) after re-painting in 1 - 2 weeks;
c) immediately after re-painting;
15. Fill in the table:
16. What effect is obtained when performing a radical perm?
Each face has its own shape, which gives us individuality. Thanks to the correct definition of the shape, you can understand: which hairstyle is most suitable, how to emphasize facial features most favorably with makeup, what jewelry and clothes will fit... What is your face shape?
There is 7 face shapes:
- oval
- round
- square
- triangular
- pear-shaped (trapezoid)
- rectangular
- diamond-shaped
To correctly determine the shape of the face, it is necessary to establish the basic proportions: the ratio of the vertical to the horizontal should be 3: 2. Three main lines can be used to determine the shape:
- forehead line
- cheekbone line
- jaw line
Oval shape
The proportions are ideal (3: 2). The widest line is the line of the cheekbones, the less wide line is the forehead, the narrowest line is the jaw.
Correction
It is considered to be the ideal shape, so representatives with this type of face do not need to change their shape. The sculpture of the face is emphasized. Almost any hairstyle and makeup is suitable.
All other face shapes must be "adjusted" to the ideal, ie. visually bring the shape of the face to an oval one.
Stars with an oval face shape
Round form
Vertical and horizontal are almost equal. The widest part is on the cheekbone line. The face has a soft flowing shape.
Correction
The face must be enlarged vertically, stretched out.
Recommended short eyebrow with a high rise (a long eyebrow will visually expand the horizontal).
Suitable hairstyles: high volumetric; from straight hair below the chin.
To avoid haircuts of the square type with rounded outlines, which will only emphasize the round shape of the face.
Stars with a round face
Rectangular shape
The line of the forehead, cheekbones and jaw are on the same vertical (like a square face), but the horizontal-to-vertical ratio is ideal. This type often has a high forehead and a narrow chin. Pronounced cheekbones.
Correction
It is necessary to restore the correct shape horizontally - to increase the line of the cheekbones.
A more straightforward form is recommended brows.
Suitable hairstyles: haircuts middle length like a square to the shoulder.
To avoid: Long hair loose on the sides will lengthen the face even more.
Stars with a rectangular face
Square shape
Vertical and horizontal are almost equal. The lines of the forehead, cheekbones and jaw are on the same vertical. Wide forehead, unfolded lower jaw, resembling a square.
Correction
It is necessary to soften the image and extend the vertical.
Recommended not long eyebrow with a high rise.
Suitable hairstyles: not too much short haircuts with bangs, covering the ears in a rather voluminous manner; more elongated hairstyles with wavy strands around the face are also possible; for long, straight hair - create as much volume as possible at the crown and along the entire length of the hair.
To avoid: high hairstyles; with straight long hair; haircuts with perfectly straight hair to the chin or higher (a la Valley).
Stars with a square face
Triangular shape
The widest part is the forehead line, then the cheekbones, the narrowest is the jaw line. This shape is also called "heart".
Correction
It is necessary to visually reduce the widest part of the face (forehead line).
Recommended round shape eyebrows but it doesn't have to be long.
Suitable hairstyles: chin-length hair with smoothly curled strands; with a straight or side dividing part; with hair combed behind the ears (attention is drawn to the eyes and the width of the cheekbones is balanced).
To avoid: high hairstyles; short lush haircuts.
Stars with a triangular face
Pear-shaped
The narrowest part is the forehead line, then the cheekbones, the widest is the jaw line. This shape is also called trapezoidal.
Correction
It is necessary to expand the forehead line.
Recommended to lengthen brows.
Suitable hairstyles: it is necessary to hide the massive lower part of the face - the haircut should resemble the shape of the face upside down; the basis of any hairstyle is a “hat” that covers the top of the head and ends at the level of the middle of the ears.
Pear-shaped stars
Diamond shape
The line of the cheekbones protrudes significantly, and the line of the forehead and jaw is narrowed. This shape is also called diamond shape.
Correction
It is necessary to visually expand the forehead line.
Recommended brows with a rise and a short tip.
Suitable hairstyles: high hairstyles with long bangs; a hairstyle that resembles a triangle inverted with an acute angle upward, the widest part of the hairstyle should fall either at the level of the earlobes, or be located slightly lower, but in no case above. In addition, if the hair is long enough (just below the chin), it may be advisable to curl the ends of the curls towards the face.
If it is necessary to emphasize the shape of the face, the wide part of the hairstyle should be at the level of the upper part of the ears.
Stars with a diamond-shaped face
A little later, I will analyze each type of face in more detail, where more detailed recommendations on makeup, hairstyles, etc. will be given.
Until then, you can define your face shape. If it doesn't work out - write, I will help :)
We continue the topic of face shapes, and today we will talk about an elongated face.
A face is considered elongated if its length-to-width ratio is greater than 1.6.
The length-to-width ratio of the face is not the only characteristic of its shape. An elongated face can be oval, rectangular, triangular, proportional, or unbalanced. However, all elongated faces are perceived primarily as long and narrow, the other features of the shape are leveled by its length and therefore fade into the background.
Recall that recommendations for different face types are aimed at adjusting the proportions and bringing the face closer to perfect shape- oval. If you are completely satisfied with the long narrow face- and this definitely has its own charm, precision of features and aristocracy - then you do not need to resort to these methods. If you want to slightly correct the shape - let's see what means are available for this.
All recommendations for this face shape are aimed at visually reducing its length and increasing its width. The distribution of volume works for this - the minimum above and below, the maximum on the sides, horizontal lines and the visual "splitting" of the face into parts. Let's take a closer look.
Hairstyle.
The basic rule is the minimum volume at the top and maximum at the sides. Long bangs are often recommended for elongated faces, but here you also need to take into account the other nuances of appearance: if the nose is too long, or the proportions in the middle or lower part of the face are violated, then the straight long bangs draw attention to these shortcomings. A safe bet is long, slanting bangs that are thick enough to cover the hairline on the forehead and cover part of the forehead. A straight bang is suitable if the face is elongated precisely due to the high forehead, and the rest of the proportions are not violated: it will hide the forehead and create a visual horizontal line that will divide the face into parts, thereby shortening it and slightly expanding it.
If you have short hair, you are happy with your jawline and neck, facial features and you would like to adjust only the length-to-width ratio, try the "beanie" haircut. It creates volume on the sides, emphasizes facial features and jawline. Since it is performed with bangs, you need an option with long straight bangs flush with the level of the hat.
In case you are unhappy with the jawline, the proportions of the lower two-thirds of the face - from short hair owners of elongated faces are better off refusing.
Haircuts for medium hair.
Medium hair length is ideal for elongated faces. The preferred length is at the level of the chin. Long haircuts (bob, bob) will stretch the face even more. Shorter ones will emphasize the chin and also visually stretch the face.
You can choose any shape - bob, bob, sessun, adhering to the basic principles:
- long oblique bangs or strong graduation of the strands near the face; by graduation, I mean not a ladder of strands along the face, but a layer-by-layer graduation that adds volume to the hairstyle.
The minimum volume on top, on the crown and voluminous sides. Hairstyles of wavy and curly hair are perfect for this face shape.
Side asymmetrical parting; avoid straight symmetrical parting or slicked back hair: this will accentuate the length of the face and visually increase it.
If you have long hair, a cascade haircut is suitable for you, always with bangs - better oblique, long, graduated. Straight bangs combined with long strands of hair will further stretch the face. If you wear a ladder haircut, lay the strands away from the face, use voluminous styling with large curls.
As for the hairstyles, the principle here is the same as when choosing haircuts: the minimum volume on top, voluminous sides. The most optimal hairstyles are for wavy or curly hair, with loose strands on the sides. If you need a smooth hairstyle, the face will help to correct the side parting, side bangs or an accent on the side of the face.
Glasses can solve two problems at once: create an additional horizontal line that will divide the face into parts and shorten it, and compensate for the length.
If you wear prescription glasses or have nothing against cosmetic, take a closer look at frames such as brownline and cat's eye - their accented top edge gives a horizontal line and expands the face. The cat's eye should not be too angular and the lenses should be horizontal rather than diagonal. Rectangular frames with accented outer corners of the frame and decorated temples are also suitable.
Rimless frames are not suitable for an elongated face - they will look neutral at best, but they will not solve additional tasks for face correction. You should also avoid narrow frames and small glasses - they will lengthen the face even more. If you're ready to try nerds, go for a large, oversized frame.
When it comes to sunglasses, the choice is almost limitless. The main thing is that the glasses should be large enough and give a clear horizontal line, for example, a cat's eye with a strong slope will not work. You can try aviators (not small ones), wayfarers, grands, masks. Choose bright frames, colored glasses, gradient lens colors are perfect. Pay attention to the temples - a bright color or decor will help to visually expand the face.
Eyebrows are very important for any face shape, and lengthening is no exception. Crisp, wide brows create a horizontal line that visually broadens the face. For maximum effect, the eyebrows on an elongated face should be long and wide, with a slight break, perhaps even straight. Round eyebrows or eyebrows with a very steep break will visually lengthen the face. Pay attention to the location of the breakpoint: modern eyebrows are adjusted from a 2: 1 ratio, that is, the back is 2/3 of the length of the eyebrow, the breakpoint is approximately above the iris of the eye. For an elongated face, this point can be moved a little closer to the temple, further lengthening the back. The distance between the eyebrows should be equal to the length of the eye, but if the fit of the eyes allows, this distance can be slightly increased, thereby moving the eyebrows away from each other.
Makeup.
The main purpose of makeup is to visually increase the width of the face and decrease the length.
What can be done for this:
When sculpting the face, use a dark tone on the forehead along the hairline and on the chin. Do not emphasize the hollow under the cheekbone with a dark tone, tone the side parts of the face with a dark minimum, only to emphasize the contour, no more.
- use the highlighter only in the central part of the face. It can be used to emphasize the eyes, cheekbones, bridge of the nose. Do not focus on the forehead and chin;
- Apply blush to the apples of your cheeks and blend almost horizontally. The steeper the angle of inclination of the shading of the blush, the visually longer and narrower the face;
- the eyebrows should be emphasized. If your eyebrows are dark and thick enough, it is enough to comb and fix them with gel or eyebrow wax. If the eyebrows are light or not very thick, use pencils and eyebrow shadows to achieve a clear shape and the necessary saturation;
- in eye makeup, try lengthening your eyes. Use eyeliner, arrows, an extra layer of mascara on the outer corners of the eyes;
- be sure to work on your lips. A clear outline and sufficiently saturated color will create additional horizontal lines on the face. It is important to make a good contour, including in the corners of the lips. Lipsticks are preferred over matte lipsticks, glossy lipsticks and gloss will produce a highlight on the lower part of the face that can negate your correction efforts.
The elongated face allows you to use makeup while emphasizing the eyes and lips. Of course, this option should correspond to the situation and be appropriate, but if the accents are dim, soft, they may well be acceptable in daytime makeup.
Hats.
Avoid hats with volume at the top of your head. When choosing a hat, go for a model with a low crown and flat wide brim. The correct fit of the hat is important: for an elongated face, the hat should be positioned so that its brim is almost parallel to the floor, and in no case should it be lifted to the top of the head. You can try boaters, gauchos, Breton hats, wide-brimmed hats all the way to wheel hats.
Soft voluminous berets that fold in folds on the sides of the face will be good. Voluminous hoods go to the elongated face.
Decorations.
Earrings.
If you choose small earrings that fit snugly on your earlobe, go for larger, catchy designs. Large stones with a glassy or opal luster, metal shine, light or bright saturated colors - these earrings will create two accent points on the sides of the face, which will visually expand it.
Workbook
hair cutting
on educational practice
FULL NAME.
Group number 17 Profession: "Hairdresser"
Assignment for individual training:
Task number 1
Define the shape of the haircut and draw up a diagram for each shape.
Give an explanation in writing.
Task number 2 Give definitions for the schemes in%:
control strand -
cutting angle -
angle of brace (lifting of the strand) -
comb angle -
Draw a cross-section of the hair in straight and sharp cuts. Sign the figures.
Circle the correct answer. What cut allows the ends of the strands to lie when stacked upside down?
a) internal;
b) external.
Sketch the cross section of the hair while doing the sliding slice.
Insert the missing words:
1) a round section of the hair is obtained by cutting.
Scissor blades are located on the plane of the strand;
2) an oval section of the hair is obtained by cutting.
The scissor blades are located to the plane of the strand;
3) a long oval section of the hair is obtained by cutting.
The scissor blades are located to the plane of the strand.
What effect can be obtained with poiting and pointcat slices:
Circle the letter of the correct answer. To perform shading, use the following tool:
a) thinning scissors;
b) straight scissors;
c) a machine;
d) razor.
Give definitions:
removal on the fingers -
thinning -
edging -
whittling down -
shading -
1) What type of thinning is used to add volume when styling your hair?
a) thinning along the entire length of the strand;
b) root thinning;
c) thinning at the ends of the strands
Routing
What operations are used when performing a "half-box" haircut?
1) What method is used for a simple uniform haircut?
a) strand by strand;
b) strand by strand;
2) What is the approximate angle of the brace of the strands when performing a simple uniform haircut?
d) different each time.
3) The technology for performing a simple uniform haircut provides for the selection of strands:
a) horizontal parting;
b) vertical parting;
c) radial parting;
d) diagonal parting.
32. Insert the missing word:
the cutting line when performing a simple even haircut is parallel
33. Insert numbers in brackets indicating the order of performing a simple, even haircut:
edging ();
cutting the parietal zone ();
haircut of the temporal zones ();
cutting the upper occipital zone ();
haircut of the lower occipital zone ().
34. Draw a simple, even haircut scheme, indicating the division into zones, parting, brace angles, haircut line and guidelines.
Routing
Describe the correct answers.
1) A simple uniform haircut is:
a) contrasting;
b) low contrast.
2) Haircut "classic square" is performed by the method:
a) strand by strand;
b) strand by strand;
c) by the stepwise haircut method.
3) The angle of the brace of the strands when performing the "classic square" haircut is approximately equal to:
d) the angle of the guy can be different each time. 38. Insert the missing word:
the cut line when performing the "classic square" haircut is parallel to the line
Describe the correct answers.
1) The technology for performing haircuts "classic square" provides:
a) horizontal partings;
b) vertical parting;
c) radial parting;
d) diagonal partings.
2) Haircut "square with lengthening on the face" is performed by the method:
a) strand by strand;
b) strand by strand;
c) step haircuts.
3) The angle of the brace of the strands when performing a haircut "square with an angle" is equal to:
d) the angle of the guy can be different each time.
4) When performing a haircut "square with an angle" apply:
a) horizontal partings;
b) vertical parting;
c) radial parting;
d) diagonal partings.
Draw a "classic bob" haircut scheme, indicating in the figure the division into zones, partings, brace angles and a haircut line:
Insert the missing word:
the cutting line when performing a haircut "square with an angle" is parallel to the line
Draw a scheme for a "square with an angle" haircut, indicating in the figure the division into zones, partings, brace angles, a haircut line and give methodological instructions.
Routing
Methodical instructions | ||
Consider the figure that shows the diagrams for performing some of the calibration methods.
Fill in the table, indicating in it the position of the required type of graduation for performing a haircut of a given shape:
Which of the schemes shown in the figure is used when calibrating the lower occipital zone with horizontal partings?
2) Which of the schemes shown in the figure is used to graduate the lower occipital zone with vertical partings? Draw a technology map.
3) What is the approximate angle of the brace (lift) of the strands when cutting with the strand-by-strand method?
45. Draw a cut line in the figure, if the other strands are made to the back and the partings are diagonal .......
46. Circle the letters of the correct answers.) \
1) The following features are characteristic of a round face type:
a) wide cheekbones;
c) a short nose is possible;
d) wide forehead;
e) high forehead;
2) With a round type of face, it is recommended to leave the length of hair in a "classic square" haircut:
a) above the ear;
b) on the earlobe;
c) on the chin;
d) shoulder-length.
3) For a square type of face, the following features are characteristic:
a) wide cheekbones;
b) the lines of the face oval are smooth and rounded;
c) the angles of the jaw are highlighted;
d) wide forehead;
e) high forehead;
f) the face is equally wide at the level of the eyes, cheekbones, chin.
4) With a square type of face, it is recommended to leave the length of hair in a "classic square" haircut:
a) above the ear;
4) The angle of the brace (rise) of the strands by the strand by strand method is:
b) on the earlobe;
c) on the chin;
d) shoulder-length.
5) For a triangular face type, the following features are characteristic:
a) wide cheekbones;
6) the lines of the face oval are smooth and rounded;
c) a short nose is possible;
d) wide forehead;
e) high forehead;
b) When triangular type face length of hair in a haircut "classic square" is recommended to leave:
a) above the ear;
b) on the earlobe;
c) on the chin;
d) shoulder-length.
7) The following features are characteristic of the diamond-shaped face type:
a) wide cheekbones;
b) the lines of the face oval are smooth and rounded;
c) a short nose is possible;
d) wide forehead;
e) high forehead;
f) a long pointed chin.
8) With a rhomboid type of face, it is recommended to keep the length of the hair in the "classic square" haircut:
a) above the ear;
b) on the earlobe;
c) on the chin;
9) The following signs are characteristic of an elongated face:
a) wide cheekbones;
b) the lines of the face oval are smooth and rounded;
c) a short nose is possible;
d) wide forehead;
e) high forehead;
f) a long chin.
10) With an elongated face type, it is recommended to leave the length of hair in a "classic square" haircut:
a) above the ear;
b) on the earlobe;
c) on the chin;
Routing
Methodical instructions | ||
Design of men's haircuts
The owners of faces that look like a rectangle are very often complex. This is completely in vain! With a good haircut for a rectangular face, you can hide any flaws very quickly.
Features of rectangular shape
The rectangular type of face is not so common, but you can easily identify this type by its sharp features. As a rule, the length of the face is 2 times the width, and the distance between the lower cheekbones and temples is almost identical. Women of this type most often have a large forehead, protruding cheekbones and a small chin. To see with your own eyes this striking appearance, take a closer look at the photos of famous women with the same face shape. By the way, these include Salma Hayek, Sarah Jessica-Parker, Demi Moore, Cindy Crawford and even Angelina Jolie! This proves once again that a rectangle is a shape endowed with individuals with an inner core and great inner strength. It remains to choose a hairstyle that suits him.
What goes rectangular?
What haircuts are suitable for a rectangle? Their main task is to make the face softer and soften its features, to focus on the pros and cover up all the flaws. Try to choose a haircut that makes the rectangle shorter and smoothes out sharp corners. An important role in this is played not only by the length of the hair, but also by their structure. Curls or tight curls will do the job better than straight strands.
What else is worth paying attention to?
- Ideal length - from chin to shoulders;
- The bangs are lush and long;
- Volume at the level of the temples;
- Parting - straight, sideways, asymmetrical.
What should you be afraid of?
- Lack of bangs;
- Straight cut hair;
- One-level haircuts;
- Splendor in the crown area;
- Straight strands below the shoulders;
- Haircuts that fully open the face (garcon, pixie, short bob)
- Sleek and smooth styling;
- Complete symmetry.
Medium haircuts for rectangle
Medium length hair is the most the best way for this type. It rounds the cheeks and makes the image sophisticated, feminine and graceful. Cascading haircuts will be able to remove the angularity of the lines - aurora, ladder, cascade, elongated bob-caret. Curls twisted to the face mask wide cheekbones and a heavy chin. You also need to make a bang - it will decrease the length. By the way, for thin hair cascade technology will also be a real salvation.
When it comes to styling, you have tons of options - just be sure to consider a few important points... For those who prefer to tie their hair in a bun or tie it in a ponytail, leave a couple of fine curls around their face, falling over their cheeks. This will distract the eyes from the angular, harsh shapes. In creating lifted hairstyles, you don't need to open the forehead and ear areas at the same time.
Long haircuts for a rectangular shape
Women's long hairstyles can also work for the rectangular style. To smooth out all the nuances, give preference to voluminous cascading haircuts. The best option is a cascade or a ladder or a cascade with graduated strands that shift the emphasis from the cheekbones.
Soft waves look great with this shape. Curl strands at the roots or somewhere in the middle. What should be avoided is straight hair of the same length. Such haircuts go exactly along the line of the face, and therefore are categorically contraindicated in a rectangle.
Short hairstyles for rectangular faces
Experience shows that too short strands this form does not fit. Don't cut your hair like a boy. Give preference to a bob or bob with extended tips. Be sure to respect the proportions. For example, combed back strands will only enhance the effect and make the face even longer. It is more correct to choose a haircut up to the earlobe, with volume at the temples and oblique torn bangs.
Asymmetric haircuts for a rectangle
This face shape is in perfect harmony with asymmetrical hairstyles. Hair cut in a chaotic manner is very easy to style. In addition, it is the asymmetry that is the best way to distract attention from any shortcomings.
Beautiful haircuts with bangs are exactly what you should strive for. The bangs will cover the forehead, as well as wide cheekbones. Any shape will suit you - straight, oblique semicircular, asymmetrical, elongated. The only taboo is ultra-short bangs. It will only emphasize the imbalances in the face.
Evening hairstyles for a rectangular shape
Any festive option can be found under the face of this shape. Majority evening styling based on up-matched hair, as well as waves and curls. Beware of combed back strands. Replace with fleece around the cheekbones and temples. These photos will help you understand this topic. On them - Angelina Jolie, perhaps the brightest and most beautiful owner of this type of face.
